Stargazing: Observatories at Gettysburg College, 1874-Present

Astronomy has long been a subject which has attracted the interest of man. Examples of early astronomers can be found in many ancient civilizations, including but not limited to, the Egyptians, the Chinese and the Greeks. As time passed the methods for interpreting the stars and theories that surrounded them changed concordant with the technology available. One of the largest breakthroughs in the world of astronomy was the invention of the telescope in the early seventeenth century. Often mis-attributed to Galileo (who was responsible for building the first reflecting telescope in 1688), the telescope was actually first designed by a Dutch spectacle-maker by the name of Johann Lippershey. Improvements were eventually made upon these designs leading to the creation of government funded observatories, such as the Royal Greenwich Observatory in England, and later private and collegiate research observatories. By the early to mid-nineteenth century, the astronomical craze had begun to develop in America, resulting in the creation of many new observatories in the North and West (now the Mid-West). [excerpt] Course Information: Course Title: HIST 300: Historical Method Academic Term: Spring 2006 Course Instructor: Dr. Michael J. Birkner \u2772 Hidden in Plain Sight is a collection of student papers on objects that are hidden in plain sight around the Gettysburg College campus. Topics range from the Glatfelter Hall gargoyles to the statue of Eisenhower and from historical markers to athletic accomplishments. You can download the paper in pdf format and click View Photo to see the image in greater detail.https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/hiddenpapers/1007/thumbnail.jp

Series expansions for the third incomplete elliptic integral via partial fraction decompositions

We find convergent double series expansions for Legendre's third incomplete elliptic integral valid in overlapping subdomains of the unit square. Truncated expansions provide asymptotic approximations in the neighbourhood of the logarithmic singularity $(1,1)$ if one of the variables approaches this point faster than the other. Each approximation is accompanied by an error bound. For a curve with an arbitrary slope at $(1,1)$ our expansions can be rearranged into asymptotic expansions depending on a point on the curve. For reader's convenience we give some numeric examples and explicit expressions for low-order approximations.Comment: The paper has been substantially updated (hopefully improved) and divided in two parts. This part is about third incomplete elliptic integral. 10 page

Pulse-width modulation multiplier Patent

Pulse duration modulation multiplier syste

CONTROL OF A MOBILE PEST: THE IMPORTED FIRE ANT

Crop Production/Industries,

Inverse transonic airfoil design methods including boundary layer and viscous interaction effects

This report covers the period 1 September 1983 to 31 January 1984. The primary task during this reporting period was the continued development of the massive separation model and computer code (SKANSEP). In particular, detailed investigations were conducted with the boundary layer displacement surface correction technique discovered near the end of the last reporting period. This report will present detailed results using this technique and show comparisons with experimental data

Transonic airfoil design using Cartesian coordinates

A numerical technique for designing transonic airfoils having a prescribed pressure distribution (the inverse problem) is presented. The method employs the basic features of Jameson's iterative solution for the full potential equation, except that inverse boundary conditions and Cartesian coordinates are used. The method is a direct-inverse approach that controls trailing-edge closure. Examples show the application of the method to design aft-cambered and other airfoils specifically for transonic flight

Inverse transonic airfoil design methods including boundary layer and viscous interaction effects

A body-fitted grid embedment technique applicable to inviscid transonic airfoil flow field analysis was developed and verified through a series of tests. Test cases used to verify the technique show that the accuracy of the solution was increased by grid embedding. This enhancement of the solution is especially true when small supercritical zones occur which cannot be adequately described using the main grid only. Results obtained with the SKANFP full potential program are considered with regard to the massive separated flow and high lift and the undesirable unrealistic 'bump' in the vicinity of the separation point due to a mismatch between the unseparated and separated pressure distributions. Techniques used to eliminate this feature are discussed

Computational fluid dynamics and aerothermodynamics

Approximations applicable to the radiating, reacting, and conducting stagnation region of a hypervelocity vehicle were incorporated into a method for rapidly obtaining approximate solutions. This solution utilizes a coordinate system based upon the origin of the radiative losses and includes in a phenomenologically correct manner the effects of chemical and thermal nonequilibrium, and nonequilibrium, nongray radiative transfer. Results were presented which demonstrate the usefulness of the method and indicate which radiation parameters require further study and definition. Excellent comparisons were obtained with published results for the Fire2 data. An axisymmetric nonequilibrium inverse method was modified and extended and used to investigate and compare various vibration dissociation chemistry coupling models and radiative heat transfer approximations. The similarities, differences, and consequences of using these models in the Aero-assist Orbital Transfer Vehicles flight regime will be discussed

Computational fluid dynamics and aerothermodynamics

At the present time the efforts on this project are organized into two areas: the development of an approximate stagnation point solution and approximate flowfield studies which can be used to develop and investigate shock jump, electron temperature, radiation, vibration-dissociation coupling, and chemistry models. Progress in each area is discussed